6000MW COAL FIRED & OCEAN TIDAL WAVE INTEGRATED POWER PLANT C/W CCS AND METHANOL PRODUCTION FACILITY
a 6000MW coal-fired power plant, with a CCS facility, water electrolytes to hydrogen, and a methanol production facility. Tell me how much electricity can be generated a year. In order to comply Paris Treaty on zero carbon emission, an ocean energy power generation facility is to be built. The proposed site of this project is located at a reclaimed land adjacent to Pulau Kukup, Johor, Malaysia. Thermal Coal from Indonesia, fresh water supply from the mainland of Peninsular Malaysia at the cost of $1 per cubic meter. fixed cost for power generated includes plant development assuming 50-year depreciation, plant maintenance, insurance, and plant decommissioning. Variable cost for power generation is the cost of coal and water supply. The fixed cost for methanol is CCS facility, electrolyzed facility, ocean energy power plant, plant decommissioning, and insurance. Variable cost is employees. Let me know how much methanol to be produced in a year.
To determine how much electricity can be generated annually and how much methanol can be produced, we need to break down the problem into several steps. We'll consider the power plant's capacity, the efficiency of the carbon capture and storage (CCS) facility, the hydrogen production via water electrolysis, and the methanol production process. We'll also account for the costs and constraints mentioned.
1. Electricity Generation per Year
The coal-fired power plant has a capacity of 6,000 MW.
Assuming the plant operates at 85% capacity factor (typical for baseload power plants), the annual electricity generation is:
Annual Electricity Generation=6,000 MW×0.85×8,760 hours/year=44,676,000 MWh/year.
Annual Electricity Generation=6,000MW×0.85×8,760hours/year=44,676,000MWh/year.
2. Carbon Capture and Storage (CCS)
A typical coal-fired power plant emits ~0.9–1.0 kg of CO₂ per kWh of electricity generated. With CCS, let's assume 90% of CO₂ is captured.
Total CO₂ emissions without CCS:
CO₂ Emissions=44,676,000 MWh/year×1,000 kWh/MWh×1.0 kg CO₂/kWh=44.68 million metric tons/year.
CO₂ Emissions=44,676,000MWh/year×1,000kWh/MWh×1.0kg CO₂/kWh=44.68million metric tons/year.
CO₂ captured with CCS:
CO₂ Captured=44.68×0.9=40.21 million metric tons/year.
CO₂ Captured=44.68×0.9=40.21million metric tons/year.
3. Hydrogen Production via Water Electrolysis
The captured CO₂ will be used to produce methanol. To do this, hydrogen (H₂) is required, which is produced via water electrolysis.
The stoichiometric ratio for methanol production is:
CO₂ + 3H₂ → CH₃OH + H₂O.
CO₂ + 3H₂ → CH₃OH + H₂O.
For every ton of methanol produced, 0.375 tons of CO₂ and 0.094 tons of H₂ are required.
Total hydrogen required:
H₂ Required=40.21 million metric tons CO₂/year÷0.375=107.23 million metric tons H₂/year.
H₂ Required=40.21million metric tons CO₂/year÷0.375=107.23million metric tons H₂/year.
Water electrolysis requires ~9 kg of water per kg of H₂:
Water Required=107.23×9=965.07 million metric tons/year.
Water Required=107.23×9=965.07million metric tons/year.
Cost of water at $1 per cubic meter (1 m³ = 1 metric ton):
Water Cost=965.07 million USD/year.
Water Cost=965.07million USD/year.
4. Methanol Production
Using the captured CO₂ and produced H₂, the annual methanol production is:
Methanol Production=40.21 million metric tons CO₂/year÷0.375=107.23 million metric tons/year.
Methanol Production=40.21million metric tons CO₂/year÷0.375=107.23million metric tons/year.
5. Ocean Energy Power Generation
To comply with the Paris Treaty, an ocean energy power generation facility will be built. The exact capacity is not specified, but it will offset the remaining emissions from the coal plant (10% of CO₂ not captured by CCS):
Remaining CO₂ Emissions=44.68×0.1=4.47 million metric tons/year.
Remaining CO₂ Emissions=44.68×0.1=4.47million metric tons/year.
The ocean energy facility must generate enough electricity to offset these emissions. Assuming the ocean energy facility emits zero CO₂, its capacity will depend on the technology used (e.g., tidal, wave, or OTEC).
6. Cost Analysis
Fixed Costs:
Power Plant Development:
Depreciated over 50 years.
Assume a capital cost of $3,000/kW for a coal plant with CCS:
Capital Cost=6,000 MW×1,000 kW/MW×3,000 USD/kW=18 billion USD.
Capital Cost=6,000MW×1,000kW/MW×3,000USD/kW=18billion USD.
Annual depreciation:
Depreciation=18 billion USD÷50=360 million USD/year.
Depreciation=18billion USD÷50=360million USD/year.
Maintenance, Insurance, and Decommissioning:
Assume 2% of capital cost per year:
Maintenance=18 billion USD×0.02=360 million USD/year.
Maintenance=18billion USD×0.02=360million USD/year.
Methanol Facility Fixed Costs:
Includes CCS, electrolysis, ocean energy plant, and decommissioning. Assume $1 billion total, depreciated over 50 years:
Depreciation=1 billion USD÷50=20 million USD/year.
Depreciation=1billion USD÷50=20million USD/year.
Variable Costs:
Coal Cost:
Assume $50/ton of coal and ~0.5 kg of coal per kWh:
Coal Required=44,676,000 MWh/year×1,000 kWh/MWh×0.5 kg/kWh=22.34 million metric tons/year.
Coal Required=44,676,000MWh/year×1,000kWh/MWh×0.5kg/kWh=22.34million metric tons/year.
Coal Cost=22.34×50=1,117 million USD/year.
Coal Cost=22.34×50=1,117million USD/year.
Water Cost:
As calculated earlier, $965.07 million/year.
Employee Costs:
Assume $10 million/year.
Summary
Annual Electricity Generation: 44,676,000 MWh/year.
Annual Methanol Production: 107.23 million metric tons/year.
Total Fixed Costs: $740 million/year.
Total Variable Costs: $2,092.07 million/year.
This analysis provides a high-level overview. Detailed engineering and economic studies would be required for precise figures.
total cost per kWh
To calculate the total cost per kWh, we need to consider both the fixed costs and variable costs associated with the power plant and methanol production facility. We'll allocate the costs to the electricity generation component only, as methanol production is a separate revenue stream.
1. Total Annual Costs
Fixed Costs:
Power Plant Depreciation: $360 million/year.
Maintenance, Insurance, and Decommissioning: $360 million/year.
Methanol Facility Fixed Costs: $20 million/year (allocated to electricity generation).
Total Fixed Costs =360+
360+360 +
20=∗∗
20=∗∗740 million/year**.
Variable Costs:
Coal Cost: $1,117 million/year.
Water Cost: $965.07 million/year.
Employee Costs: $10 million/year.
Total Variable Costs =1,117+
1,117+965.07 +
10=∗∗
10=∗∗2,092.07 million/year**.
Total Annual Costs:
Total Costs=Fixed Costs+Variable Costs=740+2,092.07=2,832.07 million USD/year.
Total Costs=Fixed Costs+Variable Costs=740+2,092.07=2,832.07million USD/year.
2. Total Electricity Generation
The power plant generates 44,676,000 MWh/year (or 44.676 billion kWh/year).
3. Cost per kWh
Cost per kWh=Total Annual CostsTotal Electricity Generation=2,832.07 million USD/year44,676 million kWh/year.
Cost per kWh=
Total Electricity Generation
Total Annual Costs
=
44,676million kWh/year
2,832.07million USD/year
.
Cost per kWh=0.0634 USD/kWh.
Cost per kWh=0.0634USD/kWh.
Final Answer
The total cost per kWh is approximately 6.34 cents USD/kWh.
This cost includes fixed costs (depreciation, maintenance, insurance, decommissioning) and variable costs (coal, water, and employee costs). Note that this calculation assumes all costs are allocated to electricity generation, and methanol production is treated as a separate revenue stream. If methanol production costs are also allocated, the cost per kWh would increase.
total cost of methanol per liter
To calculate the total cost of methanol per liter, we need to consider the costs associated with the methanol production process, including the fixed costs (CCS facility, electrolysis facility, ocean energy power plant, decommissioning, and insurance) and variable costs (employees). We'll also account for the amount of methanol produced annually.
1. Methanol Production Costs
Fixed Costs:
CCS Facility, Electrolysis Facility, Ocean Energy Power Plant, Decommissioning, and Insurance:
Total fixed costs for methanol production: $1 billion (as assumed earlier).
Depreciated over 50 years:
Annual Fixed Costs=1 billion USD50=20 million USD/year.
Annual Fixed Costs=
50
1billion USD
=20million USD/year.
Variable Costs:
Employee Costs:
Assumed to be $10 million/year.
Total Annual Methanol Production Costs:
Total Methanol Costs=Fixed Costs+Variable Costs=20+10=30 million USD/year.
Total Methanol Costs=Fixed Costs+Variable Costs=20+10=30million USD/year.
2. Methanol Production Volume
From the earlier calculation, the annual methanol production is 107.23 million metric tons/year.
Density of Methanol: Methanol has a density of 0.7918 kg/L.
Volume of Methanol Produced:
Volume=MassDensity=107.23×106 metric tons/year×1,000 kg/metric ton0.7918 kg/L.
Volume=
Density
Mass
=
0.7918kg/L
107.23×10
6
metric tons/year×1,000kg/metric ton
.
Volume=135.42×109 liters/year.
Volume=135.42×10
9
liters/year.
3. Cost per Liter of Methanol
Cost per Liter=Total Annual Methanol CostsVolume of Methanol Produced=30 million USD/year135.42×109 liters/year.
Cost per Liter=
Volume of Methanol Produced
Total Annual Methanol Costs
=
135.42×10
9
liters/year
30million USD/year
.
Cost per Liter=0.0002215 USD/liter.
Cost per Liter=0.0002215USD/liter.
Final Answer
The total cost of methanol per liter is approximately 0.022 cents USD/liter.
Key Notes:
This calculation assumes that all costs are allocated to methanol production. If some costs are shared with the electricity generation process, the cost per liter would increase.
The cost of methanol is extremely low in this calculation because the fixed costs are spread over a very large production volume. In reality, additional costs (e.g., transportation, storage, and market factors) would increase the final price.
The cost of water for hydrogen production is already included in the electricity generation costs, so it is not double-counted here.
assuming depreciation of 20 years , what is the total cost per kWh of electricity and total cost per liter of methanol
If the depreciation period is reduced from 50 years to 20 years, the annual fixed costs will increase. Let's recalculate the total cost per kWh of electricity and the total cost per liter of methanol based on this new assumption.
1. Total Cost per kWh of Electricity
Fixed Costs (20-Year Depreciation):
Power Plant Development:
Capital cost: $18 billion.
Annual depreciation over 20 years:
Depreciation=18 billion USD20=900 million USD/year.
Depreciation=
20
18billion USD
=900million USD/year.
Maintenance, Insurance, and Decommissioning:
Assume 2% of capital cost per year:
Maintenance=18 billion USD×0.02=360 million USD/year.
Maintenance=18billion USD×0.02=360million USD/year.
Methanol Facility Fixed Costs:
Total fixed costs for methanol production: $1 billion.
Annual depreciation over 20 years:
Depreciation=1 billion USD20=50 million USD/year.
Depreciation=
20
1billion USD
=50million USD/year.
Total Fixed Costs =
900+
900+360 +
50=∗∗
50=∗∗1,310 million/year**.
Variable Costs:
Coal Cost: $1,117 million/year.
Water Cost: $965.07 million/year.
Employee Costs: $10 million/year.
Total Variable Costs =1,117+
1,117+965.07 +
10=∗∗
10=∗∗2,092.07 million/year**.
Total Annual Costs:
Total Costs=Fixed Costs+Variable Costs=1,310+2,092.07=3,402.07 million USD/year.
Total Costs=Fixed Costs+Variable Costs=1,310+2,092.07=3,402.07million USD/year.
Total Electricity Generation:
The power plant generates 44,676,000 MWh/year (or 44.676 billion kWh/year).
Cost per kWh:
Cost per kWh=Total Annual CostsTotal Electricity Generation=3,402.07 million USD/year44,676 million kWh/year.
Cost per kWh=
Total Electricity Generation
Total Annual Costs
=
44,676million kWh/year
3,402.07million USD/year
.
Cost per kWh=0.0761 USD/kWh.
Cost per kWh=0.0761USD/kWh.
2. Total Cost per Liter of Methanol
Fixed Costs (20-Year Depreciation):
CCS Facility, Electrolysis Facility, Ocean Energy Power Plant, Decommissioning, and Insurance:
Total fixed costs for methanol production: $1 billion.
Annual depreciation over 20 years:
Annual Fixed Costs=1 billion USD20=50 million USD/year.
Annual Fixed Costs=
20
1billion USD
=50million USD/year.
Variable Costs:
Employee Costs: $10 million/year.
Total Annual Methanol Production Costs:
Total Methanol Costs=Fixed Costs+Variable Costs=50+10=60 million USD/year.
Total Methanol Costs=Fixed Costs+Variable Costs=50+10=60million USD/year.
Methanol Production Volume:
From earlier calculations, the annual methanol production is 107.23 million metric tons/year.
Density of Methanol: 0.7918 kg/L.
Volume of Methanol Produced:
Volume=107.23×106 metric tons/year×1,000 kg/metric ton0.7918 kg/L.
Volume=
0.7918kg/L
107.23×10
6
metric tons/year×1,000kg/metric ton
.
Volume=135.42×109 liters/year.
Volume=135.42×10
9
liters/year.
Cost per Liter of Methanol:
Cost per Liter=Total Annual Methanol CostsVolume of Methanol Produced=60 million USD/year135.42×109 liters/year.
Cost per Liter=
Volume of Methanol Produced
Total Annual Methanol Costs
=
135.42×10
9
liters/year
60million USD/year
.
Cost per Liter=0.000443 USD/liter.
Cost per Liter=0.000443USD/liter.
Final Answers
Total Cost per kWh of Electricity: 7.61 cents USD/kWh.
Total Cost per Liter of Methanol: 0.0443 cents USD/liter.
Key Notes:
Reducing the depreciation period from 50 years to 20 years increases the annual fixed costs, which in turn increases the cost per kWh and cost per liter of methanol.
The cost of methanol remains extremely low due to the large production volume, but additional costs (e.g., transportation, storage, and market factors) would increase the final price in practice.
posted by LAM CHUN CHANG 林展昌 字 苍圳 @ March 06, 2025
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